Tesco: Business Model, SWOT Analysis, and Competitors 2024

In this blog article, we will delve into the business model of Tesco, one of the largest multinational retailers in the world. As we explore Tesco's business model, we will also conduct a SWOT analysis to identify the company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Furthermore, we will examine the competitive landscape of Tesco, analyzing its key competitors and how they may impact the company's performance in the year 2024. Join us as we examine Tesco's strategies, assess its position in the market, and anticipate the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.

What You Will Learn:

• Who owns Tesco and the significance of its ownership structure
• The mission statement of Tesco and how it guides the company's actions and goals
• The various ways in which Tesco generates revenue and makes money
• An explanation of Tesco's Business Model Canvas and how it helps to understand the company's operations
• An overview of Tesco's main competitors and their impact on the market
• A comprehensive SWOT analysis of Tesco, highlighting its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.

Who owns Tesco?

Ownership Structure of Tesco

When it comes to the question of who owns Tesco, the answer is not as straightforward as one might think. As one of the largest retailers in the world, Tesco has a complex ownership structure that involves various stakeholders, both institutional and individual.

Shareholders

At the core of Tesco's ownership structure are its shareholders. These are individuals or institutions that own shares in the company, which represent their ownership stake and give them certain rights, such as voting at annual general meetings. Tesco has a diverse base of shareholders, including both retail investors and institutional investors.

Institutional Investors

Institutional investors play a significant role in the ownership of Tesco. These are large financial institutions, such as pension funds, insurance companies, and mutual funds, that invest on behalf of their clients or members. Some of the notable institutional investors in Tesco include BlackRock, Vanguard Group, and Legal & General Investment Management.

Directors and Executives

Another group of individuals with ownership in Tesco is its board of directors and executives. These individuals hold shares in the company as part of their compensation packages or as a reflection of their vested interest in the company's success. Their ownership stakes may vary depending on their positions and tenure within the organization.

Employee Ownership

Tesco also encourages employee ownership through various programs, such as employee share schemes and stock options. This allows employees to become shareholders and benefit from the company's performance. Employee ownership not only aligns the interests of employees with the company's goals but also creates a sense of ownership and pride among the workforce.

Retail Investors

Additionally, Tesco has a sizeable number of retail investors, who are individual shareholders that have purchased shares in the company through brokerage accounts or investment platforms. These retail investors may include individual investors, Tesco employees, or even loyal customers who want to invest in the company they believe in.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the ownership of Tesco is widespread and comprises a diverse range of stakeholders. While institutional investors and shareholders hold a significant portion of the ownership, the company also values employee ownership and encourages retail investors to be part of its ownership structure. This diverse ownership base reflects Tesco's commitment to a broad and inclusive ownership model, ensuring that multiple perspectives and interests are represented in the company's decision-making processes.

What is the mission statement of Tesco?

The mission statement of Tesco: "To be the most admired company, delivering sustainable and profitable growth."

Tesco, one of the world's largest retail companies, has a clear and concise mission statement that guides its operations and overall business strategy. The mission statement states, "To be the most admired company, delivering sustainable and profitable growth."

This mission statement reflects Tesco's commitment to not only achieving financial success but also ensuring sustainability in all aspects of its operations. By aiming to be the most admired company, Tesco prioritizes earning the respect and trust of its customers, employees, shareholders, and the communities it serves.

One key aspect of Tesco's mission statement is its focus on delivering sustainable growth. This means that Tesco aims to grow its business in a way that is responsible and considers the long-term impact on the environment, society, and the economy. Tesco recognizes the importance of addressing environmental and social issues and incorporates sustainable practices into its operations.

Profitable growth is another important element of Tesco's mission statement. While the company is committed to sustainability, it also recognizes the need for profitability to ensure its long-term success. By consistently generating profits, Tesco can invest in innovation, expand its product offerings, and provide value to its customers.

Overall, Tesco's mission statement encapsulates its ambition to be a respected and successful company that not only focuses on financial performance but also prioritizes sustainability and responsible growth. By striving to be the most admired company, Tesco aims to build strong relationships with its stakeholders and make a positive impact on the communities it serves.

How does Tesco make money?

Tesco's Revenue Streams

Tesco, one of the largest supermarket chains in the world, generates revenue through a variety of sources. Let's take a closer look at how Tesco makes money:

1. Retail Sales

The primary source of Tesco's revenue comes from its retail sales. It operates a vast network of stores, offering a wide range of products including groceries, clothing, electronics, and household items. Tesco's retail segment includes both physical stores and online platforms, catering to the diverse shopping preferences of its customers. By consistently delivering high-quality products and competitive prices, Tesco attracts a large customer base, resulting in significant revenue from its retail operations.

2. Tesco Bank

Tesco Bank is a subsidiary of Tesco that provides financial services to its customers. It offers a range of banking products such as current accounts, savings accounts, credit cards, and insurance. Tesco Bank generates revenue through the interest and fees associated with these financial products. Additionally, by leveraging its extensive customer base, Tesco Bank can cross-sell its services to existing Tesco shoppers, expanding its revenue streams even further.

3. Tesco Mobile

Tesco Mobile is Tesco's own mobile virtual network operator (MVNO). By partnering with an established telecommunications provider, Tesco offers mobile phone services to its customers. Tesco Mobile generates revenue through the sale of mobile handsets, monthly contracts, pay-as-you-go services, and additional features such as international calling and data packages. This diversification into the telecommunications industry allows Tesco to capitalize on the growing demand for mobile connectivity and increase its overall revenue.

4. Tesco Clubcard

The Tesco Clubcard is a loyalty program that incentivizes customers to shop at Tesco by offering rewards and discounts. It not only enhances customer loyalty but also serves as a valuable source of revenue. Tesco collaborates with various partners, including restaurants, hotels, and entertainment venues, to provide exclusive offers to Clubcard holders. In return, Tesco receives a percentage of the sales generated through these partnerships, contributing to its overall revenue.

5. International Operations

Tesco has a significant presence in multiple international markets, including Europe and Asia. Through its international operations, Tesco generates revenue from retail sales, similar to its domestic operations. By adapting its business model to suit local market preferences and investing in strategic acquisitions, Tesco has successfully expanded its global footprint and diversified its revenue streams.

In conclusion, Tesco's revenue streams encompass various sectors, including retail sales, financial services through Tesco Bank, mobile phone services through Tesco Mobile, the loyalty program Tesco Clubcard, and international operations. Through these diverse sources, Tesco continues to strengthen its financial position and maintain its position as a leading retailer in the global market.

Tesco Business Model Canvas Explained

What is the Business Model Canvas?

The Business Model Canvas is a strategic management tool that allows businesses to visualize and analyze their business model in a clear and concise manner. It was developed by Alexander Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, and has become widely used across various industries.

The Key Components of Tesco's Business Model Canvas

1. Customer Segments

Tesco's customer segments are diverse and cater to a wide range of needs. They target both individual customers and businesses, offering products and services that appeal to different demographics and market segments. From everyday groceries to clothing, electronics, and financial services, Tesco aims to serve a broad customer base.

2. Value Proposition

Tesco's value proposition is centered around offering quality products at affordable prices. They focus on providing a convenient and accessible shopping experience, with a wide range of products available under one roof. Additionally, Tesco has developed their own brand products, providing customers with good value for money.

3. Channels

Tesco's channels primarily consist of physical stores, online platforms, and mobile applications. Their extensive network of brick-and-mortar stores allows customers to shop in person, while their online platforms offer the convenience of home delivery and click-and-collect services. Tesco's mobile applications further enhance the accessibility and convenience of their channels.

4. Customer Relationships

Tesco aims to build strong customer relationships by providing excellent customer service and personalized experiences. They offer loyalty programs, such as the Tesco Clubcard, which rewards customers for their loyalty and encourages repeat purchases. Tesco also maintains an active presence on social media platforms, engaging with customers and addressing their concerns.

5. Revenue Streams

Tesco generates revenue through various streams, including the sale of products, financial services, and additional services such as phone contracts and insurance. They also generate revenue through advertising partnerships, where brands pay to promote their products within Tesco's stores and online platforms.

6. Key Activities

Tesco's key activities involve sourcing and procuring products, managing their supply chain, operating physical stores, and maintaining their online platforms. They also invest in marketing and advertising campaigns to promote their products and services.

7. Key Resources

Tesco's key resources include their physical stores, distribution centers, online platforms, and technology infrastructure. They also rely on a network of suppliers to provide a diverse range of products to meet customer demand.

8. Key Partnerships

Tesco collaborates with various suppliers, manufacturers, and brands to ensure a wide selection of products for their customers. They also establish partnerships with financial institutions to offer banking and insurance services. Additionally, Tesco forms partnerships with local communities and charitable organizations to support social initiatives.

9. Cost Structure

Tesco's cost structure includes expenses related to sourcing products, maintaining physical stores, operating online platforms, marketing and advertising, employee salaries, and logistics. They strive to maintain cost-efficiency in order to offer competitive prices to their customers.

Conclusion

By utilizing the Business Model Canvas, Tesco is able to clearly define and analyze the different aspects of their business model. Understanding their customer segments, value proposition, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, key activities, key resources, key partnerships, and cost structure allows Tesco to continuously innovate and adapt in a highly competitive retail industry.

Which companies are the competitors of Tesco?

Introduction

When it comes to the retail industry, competition is fierce. Tesco, one of the largest supermarket chains in the United Kingdom, faces stiff competition from various companies. These competitors strive to capture market share and attract customers with their unique offerings and strategies. In this section, we will explore some of the prominent companies that pose a challenge to Tesco's dominance in the retail sector.

Competitors of Tesco

1. Sainsbury's

Sainsbury's is one of Tesco's main competitors in the United Kingdom. With a similar market presence and extensive product offerings, Sainsbury's directly competes with Tesco across various retail categories. Both companies engage in fierce price wars, promotions, and marketing campaigns to entice consumers. Sainsbury's supermarkets are known for their wide range of fresh produce, quality own-brand products, and strong online presence. This fierce rivalry between Tesco and Sainsbury's has spurred innovation and competitive pricing strategies in the industry.

2. Asda

Asda, owned by Walmart, is another major contender in the retail market that competes head-on with Tesco. Asda focuses on offering lower prices and has a reputation for being a budget-friendly supermarket. The company has a vast network of stores across the UK and a strong online presence. Asda's commitment to value for money attracts price-conscious customers, putting pressure on Tesco to remain competitive in terms of pricing, promotions, and customer service.

3. Morrisons

Morrisons is another significant competitor that poses a challenge to Tesco. Known for its focus on fresh food and produce, Morrisons targets customers looking for high-quality groceries. The company has been expanding its product range and investing in improving customer experience through innovations such as the Market Street concept, which offers a wide selection of fresh and prepared foods. Morrisons' emphasis on quality and differentiation sets it apart from Tesco and appeals to a specific customer segment.

4. Aldi and Lidl

While Tesco competes with various traditional supermarket chains, it also faces competition from discount retailers like Aldi and Lidl. These German grocery chains have gained popularity in the UK by offering low prices, a limited product range, and unique promotions. Aldi and Lidl have disrupted the market by attracting budget-conscious customers with their no-frills approach and focus on private-label products. Tesco has responded by introducing its own budget range, but the competition remains intense.

5. Online Retailers

In recent years, the rise of online grocery shopping has introduced a new wave of competition for Tesco. Companies like Amazon, Ocado, and Iceland have made significant strides in the online retail space. With their efficient delivery systems, vast product selections, and competitive pricing, these online retailers pose a threat to Tesco's traditional brick-and-mortar dominance. Tesco has made efforts to strengthen its online presence and improve delivery options to counter this growing competition.

Conclusion

Tesco faces fierce competition from various companies operating in the retail sector. From traditional supermarket chains like Sainsbury's, Asda, and Morrisons to discount retailers such as Aldi and Lidl, Tesco must continually adapt and innovate to maintain its market share. Additionally, the rise of online retailers like Amazon and Ocado presents a new challenge for Tesco's traditional business model. By closely monitoring and responding to the strategies of these competitors, Tesco can strive to stay ahead in this highly competitive industry.

Tesco SWOT Analysis

Strengths

• Strong brand reputation: Tesco is one of the leading retail brands in the world, known for its quality products and excellent customer service. Its strong brand reputation gives it a competitive advantage in the market.

• Wide product range: Tesco offers a wide range of products, including groceries, clothing, electronics, and household items. This allows the company to cater to diverse customer needs and attract a large customer base.

• Efficient supply chain: Tesco has a well-established and efficient supply chain management system. This helps the company in maintaining a steady supply of products and reducing operational costs.

• Online presence: Tesco has a strong online presence with its e-commerce platform. This allows customers to conveniently shop from the comfort of their homes, contributing to increased sales and customer satisfaction.

Weaknesses

• Dependence on the UK market: Tesco heavily relies on the UK market for its revenue. This makes the company vulnerable to any economic downturn or changes in consumer spending patterns in the UK.

• Limited international presence: Although Tesco has expanded its operations to several countries, it still has a limited international presence compared to some of its competitors. This limits the company's opportunities for growth and diversification.

• Negative publicity: Tesco has faced negative publicity in the past, such as accounting scandals and controversies related to labor practices. This can damage the company's reputation and affect customer trust and loyalty.

• Increasing competition: The retail industry is highly competitive, with the presence of both traditional brick-and-mortar stores and online retailers. Tesco faces intense competition from both local and international competitors, which can impact its market share and profitability.

Opportunities

• Expansion into emerging markets: Tesco has the opportunity to expand its operations into emerging markets, such as China and India, where there is a growing middle class with increasing purchasing power. This can help the company tap into new customer segments and drive revenue growth.

• Focus on online sales: With the increasing popularity of online shopping, Tesco can further enhance its e-commerce platform and focus on boosting online sales. This can help the company reach a wider customer base and increase its market share.

• Sustainability initiatives: There is a growing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly products. Tesco can capitalize on this trend by introducing more sustainable products and implementing eco-friendly practices in its operations, which can attract environmentally conscious customers.

• Expansion of product offerings: Tesco can explore opportunities to expand its product offerings by partnering with other brands or introducing new product lines. This can help the company attract new customers and increase customer loyalty.

Threats

• Economic uncertainty: Economic uncertainties, such as recessions or inflation, can impact consumer spending and purchasing power. This can negatively affect Tesco's sales and profitability.

• Changing consumer preferences: Consumer preferences and shopping habits are constantly evolving. Tesco needs to adapt to these changes and offer products and services that meet the changing demands of customers. Failure to do so can result in loss of market share.

• Increasing competition from discount retailers: Discount retailers, such as Aldi and Lidl, have gained popularity in recent years. These retailers offer lower prices and attract price-sensitive customers. Tesco faces the threat of losing customers to these discount retailers.

• Regulatory changes: Changes in regulations, such as food safety regulations or labor laws, can impact Tesco's operations and increase compliance costs. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in penalties and damage the company's reputation.

Key Takeaways

• Tesco is owned by a wide range of shareholders, including institutional investors, individual shareholders, and members of the Tesco management team.
• The mission statement of Tesco is to "be the most highly valued business by customers, employees, suppliers, communities, and shareholders."
• Tesco primarily makes money through the sale of groceries and general merchandise in its retail stores, as well as through online sales and financial services.
• The Tesco Business Model Canvas is a tool that visually represents how Tesco creates, delivers, and captures value. It outlines key elements such as customer segments, value propositions, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, key activities, key resources, key partnerships, and cost structure.
• Some of Tesco's main competitors include other major retailers such as Sainsbury's, Asda, Morrisons, and Aldi. In addition, online retailers like Amazon and Ocado also compete with Tesco in certain areas.
• A SWOT analysis of Tesco reveals its strengths in a strong brand and market presence, a wide range of products and services, and a strong focus on customer satisfaction. However, it also faces weaknesses such as intense competition and increasing costs. Opportunities include expanding into new markets and growing its online presence, while threats include economic downturns and changing consumer preferences.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Tesco is owned by a diverse group of shareholders, including institutional investors and individual shareholders. The mission statement of Tesco is to be the most trusted retailer where people love to work and shop. Tesco makes money through various revenue streams, such as selling groceries, clothing, and other household items, as well as providing financial services and operating fuel stations.

The Tesco Business Model Canvas explains how the company creates value for its customers through key activities, resources, and partnerships, while maintaining a strong cost structure and revenue streams. This comprehensive framework enables Tesco to effectively meet customer needs and remain competitive in the market.

Tesco faces tough competition from several companies in the retail industry, including Sainsbury's, Asda, Morrisons, and Aldi. These competitors constantly strive to gain market share and attract customers with their unique offerings and pricing strategies.

Lastly, a SWOT analysis of Tesco highlights its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Tesco's strengths lie in its strong brand reputation, extensive product range, and global presence. However, the company also faces weaknesses such as increased competition and declining profitability in some markets. Opportunities for Tesco include expanding into new markets and diversifying its product offerings, while threats include changing consumer preferences and economic uncertainties.

Overall, Tesco's ownership, mission statement, revenue generation, business model, competitors, and SWOT analysis all contribute to its success and ongoing efforts to meet customer demands in the ever-evolving retail landscape.

FAQs

What is a SWOT analysis for Tesco?

SWOT analysis for Tesco:

Strengths:

1. Strong brand reputation and recognition globally.
2. Diverse product offerings, including groceries, clothing, electronics, and financial services.
3. Extensive network of stores, both physical and online, providing convenient access to customers.
4. Effective supply chain management, enabling efficient distribution and inventory management.
5. Strong customer loyalty programs, such as Clubcard, fostering customer retention.
6. Well-established presence in international markets, providing opportunities for growth and expansion.

Weaknesses:

1. High competition in the retail industry, leading to price wars and margin pressures.
2. Overdependence on the UK market, making Tesco vulnerable to economic fluctuations.
3. Controversies surrounding unethical practices, such as supplier relationships and employee treatment, damaging the brand image.
4. Limited market share in certain international markets, limiting growth potential.
5. Inefficient store layout and customer flow, leading to a poor shopping experience in some locations.

Opportunities:

1. Expanding online retailing and e-commerce capabilities to cater to the growing online shopping trend.
2. Growing demand for organic and healthy products, allowing Tesco to diversify its product offerings.
3. Expanding into emerging markets with rising disposable incomes, such as India and China.
4. Technology advancements, such as automation and artificial intelligence, offering opportunities for operational efficiency and improved customer experience.
5. Increasing focus on sustainability and environmentally-friendly practices, allowing Tesco to differentiate itself in the market.

Threats:

1. Intense competition from both established retailers and online giants like Amazon.
2. Economic downturns and fluctuations affecting consumer spending patterns.
3. Changing consumer preferences and shopping habits, including increased demand for convenience and online shopping.
4. Regulatory changes, such as stricter food safety regulations, impacting Tesco's operations and costs.
5. Negative impact of Brexit on the supply chain, imports, and exports, affecting pricing and availability of products.

What are the weaknesses of Tesco?

1. Strong competition: Tesco operates in a highly competitive retail market, facing strong competition from other supermarket chains such as Sainsbury's, Asda, and Morrisons. This can put pressure on Tesco's market share and profitability.

2. Dependence on the UK market: Tesco heavily relies on its home market, the UK, for a significant portion of its revenue. Any economic downturn or changes in consumer behavior in the UK can have a significant impact on the company's performance.

3. High debt levels: Tesco has a significant amount of debt on its balance sheet, which can limit its financial flexibility and increase interest payments. This can put pressure on the company's profitability and ability to invest in future growth.

4. Negative public perception: Tesco has faced negative media coverage and public perception regarding issues such as worker conditions, supplier relationships, and environmental practices. This can damage the company's reputation and lead to a loss of customer trust.

5. Online competition: The rise of online grocery shopping and the presence of online-only retailers like Amazon Fresh pose a threat to Tesco's traditional brick-and-mortar business model. Tesco needs to continually invest in its online presence and delivery capabilities to compete effectively in this space.

6. International operations: While Tesco has expanded its operations internationally, particularly in Asia, it has faced challenges in some markets. Economic instability, regulatory hurdles, and cultural differences can pose risks to Tesco's international operations and profitability.

7. Vulnerability to economic downturns: As a retailer, Tesco is susceptible to changes in consumer spending patterns during economic downturns. In times of economic hardship, consumers may cut back on discretionary spending, affecting Tesco's sales and profitability.

What is a SWOT analysis for a supermarket industry?

A SWOT analysis for the supermarket industry examines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats affecting the industry. Here is an example:

Strengths:

1. Wide range of products: Supermarkets offer a diverse selection of products, including groceries, household items, personal care products, and more, which attracts a large customer base.
2. Convenience: Supermarkets are generally located in easily accessible areas, providing convenience to customers who can find everything they need in one place.
3. Established customer base: Many supermarkets have built a loyal customer base over time, which can contribute to repeat business and customer retention.
4. Supply chain management: Supermarkets often have efficient supply chains in place, ensuring consistent product availability and reducing stock-out situations.

Weaknesses:

1. Intense competition: The supermarket industry is highly competitive, with various players attempting to capture market share, which can put pressure on profit margins.
2. Low-profit margins: Due to intense competition and price-sensitive customers, supermarkets often face low-profit margins, making it challenging to maintain profitability.
3. Limited differentiation: Some supermarkets struggle to differentiate themselves from competitors, which can lead to a lack of customer loyalty and price-driven purchasing decisions.
4. High operational costs: Operating a supermarket requires significant investment in infrastructure, inventory management, staffing, and marketing, which can impact profitability.

Opportunities:

1. Online grocery shopping: The increasing trend of online grocery shopping presents an opportunity for supermarkets to expand their customer reach and cater to changing consumer preferences.
2. Health and wellness: As consumers become more health-conscious, supermarkets can capitalize on this trend by offering a wider range of organic, natural, and healthy food options.
3. Sustainability: Supermarkets can embrace sustainability initiatives such as reducing packaging waste, promoting locally sourced products, and supporting fair trade practices, which can attract environmentally conscious consumers.
4. International expansion: Supermarkets can explore expansion into emerging markets or establish partnerships with international suppliers to diversify their product offerings and reach new customers.

Threats:

1. E-commerce giants: Online retailers like Amazon have entered the grocery market, posing a threat to traditional supermarkets by leveraging their wide customer base and logistics capabilities.
2. Price wars: Intense competition can lead to price wars, which may negatively impact profit margins and erode the value proposition of supermarkets.
3. Changing consumer behavior: Changing consumer preferences and shopping patterns, such as increased demand for convenience stores or local farmers' markets, can pose a threat to traditional supermarkets if they fail to adapt.
4. Economic downturns: During economic downturns, consumers may reduce spending or shift towards lower-priced alternatives, impacting the profitability of supermarkets.

What are the strategic issues of Tesco?

Some of the strategic issues that Tesco faces include:

1. Intense competition: Tesco operates in a highly competitive market, with rival supermarket chains such as Sainsbury's, Asda, and Morrisons. Additionally, discount retailers like Aldi and Lidl pose a threat to Tesco's market share. The company needs to continually develop strategies to stay ahead of the competition.

2. Changing consumer preferences: Consumer preferences are constantly evolving, and Tesco must adapt to these changes. For example, there has been a shift towards healthier eating and sustainability, which Tesco needs to address by offering a wider range of organic and sustainable products.

3. Online retail: The growth of e-commerce has significantly impacted the retail industry. Tesco needs to invest in its online presence and ensure a seamless online shopping experience for customers. Additionally, the company needs to compete with online-only retailers like Amazon, which have entered the grocery market.

4. International expansion: Tesco operates in multiple countries, including the UK, Ireland, Hungary, and Thailand. Each market has its own unique challenges and Tesco needs to carefully navigate these complexities to ensure successful expansion and growth.

5. Pricing and promotions: Price competition is fierce in the retail industry, and Tesco needs to carefully manage its pricing strategy and promotional activities to attract and retain customers. Balancing competitive pricing with profitability is a constant challenge.

6. Supply chain management: Tesco's supply chain is complex, involving numerous suppliers, distributors, and logistics operations. Any disruptions or inefficiencies in the supply chain can impact the availability of products and customer satisfaction. Tesco needs to continually optimize its supply chain to ensure timely and cost-effective delivery of products.

7. Brand reputation: Tesco has faced some challenges to its brand reputation in the past, including accounting scandals and controversies over supplier relationships. Maintaining a positive brand image is crucial for Tesco to retain customer trust and loyalty.

8. Technological advancements: Technology is rapidly changing the retail landscape. Tesco needs to embrace digital innovations such as data analytics, artificial intelligence, and automation to enhance operational efficiency and customer experience.

Overall, Tesco needs to address these strategic issues to remain competitive, adapt to changing consumer demands, and ensure sustainable growth in the highly dynamic retail industry.